The following is a comparative diagram of the functions of each type of inspection.
Pre-Production Inspections (PPI)
What: Check the quality of raw materials, a prototype, or factory readiness.
When: Once the factory has received raw materials and before production starts.
Where: On-site at the factory.
Why: You are working with a new supplier, are concerned that an existing supplier may be substituting cheaper materials, or you have critical delivery dates.
During Production Inspections (DUPRO)
What: Check completed products, including visual check, dimensions, packaging, labeling, functional testing, barcode verification, drop tests, other checks specific to your product.
When: Once at least 20% of production has been completed.
Where: On-site at the factory.
Why: You are producing large quantities in continuous production and cannot afford delays.
Pre-Shipment Inspections (PSI)
What: Check completed products, including visual check, dimensions, packaging, labeling, functional testing, barcode verification, drop tests, and other checks specific to your product.
When: Once 100% of your products are produced and they are at least 80% packed.
Where: On-site at the factory.
Why: You want to verify the quality of your order before it ships so that you don’t pay for defective or unsafe products.
Loading Inspections (LI)
What: Check completed products, including visual check, dimensions, packaging, labeling, functional testing, barcode verification, drop tests, and other checks specific to your product.
When: Once your goods are ready to be loaded onto the container.
Where: At the site of container loading.
Why: You want to verify exactly what is going into the container or ensure that suppliers are following specified loading plans.
Sort Inspections (SI)
What: Separate out defective units from non-defective units and get an exact count of each.
When: Once an issue has been discovered with products that are already produced and you need to sort the good from the bad.
Where: At the factory, a distribution center, or wherever your products are.
Why: You want to separate out defective units, get an exact count of acceptable units, and proceed with only the acceptable products.
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